Charcot foot is a progressive degenerative condition that affects the joints in the feet. Charcot foot is associated with nerve damage (neuropathy) that decreases the ability to sense stimuli, including pain, and decreases muscular reflexes that control movement. As a result, the joints in the feet are subjected to repeated trauma and injury, causing progressive damage to the ligaments, cartilage, and bones.
Charcot foot or Charcot disease takes it name from Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) who was the first to describe the disintegration the occurs to the ligaments and joints. In the medical literature it is often called Charcot arthropathy or Charcot neuroarthropathy.
Charcot foot affects the metatarsal, tarsometatarsal, and tarsal joints, which are located in the forefoot and midfoot.
When a person has Charcot foot, their ability to sense pain in their foot is usually lost or impaired. Their muscles also lose their ability to support the foot properly. In most cases of Charcot foot only one foot is affected. However, both feet can be affected over time.
Charcot foot occurs most often in people with diabetes mellitus. It occurs at the same rate in men and women and develops in both feet in approximately twenty percent of cases.
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